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The overview effect is a cognitive shift in awareness reported by some astronauts and cosmonauts during spaceflight, often while viewing the Earth from orbit or from the lunar surface.〔"Space Euphoria: Do Our Brains Change When We Travel in Outer Space?", ''Daily Galaxy'', 2008-05-20〕〔(The Human Brain in Space: Euphoria and the “Overview Effect” Experienced by Astronauts ), Ian O'Neill, ''Universe Today'', 2008-05-22〕 It refers to the experience of seeing firsthand the reality of the Earth in space, which is immediately understood to be a tiny, fragile ball of life, "hanging in the void", shielded and nourished by a paper-thin atmosphere. From space, national boundaries vanish, the conflicts that divide people become less important, and the need to create a planetary society with the united will to protect this "pale blue dot" becomes both obvious and imperative.〔 Third-hand observers of these individuals may also report a noticeable difference in attitude.〔 Astronauts Rusty Schweikart,〔 Edgar Mitchell,〔 Tom Jones,〔 Chris Hadfield〔 and Mike Massimino〔"''StarTalk Live'' at the Bell House, The Astronaut Session", Star Talk Radio, 2012-01-29, ()〕 are all reported to have experienced the effect. The term and concept were coined in 1987 by Frank White, who explored the theme in his book ''The Overview Effect — Space Exploration and Human Evolution'' (Houghton-Mifflin, 1987), (AIAA, 1998).〔"Space Tourism: Face Time with Earth", Leonard David, Senior Space Writer, SPACE.com, 2006-08-05, (Space-ecotourism )〕 The overview effect has been considered to be one to the stimuli that led to the Gaia hypothesis. An article claims the environmental protection movement was inspired by NASA's Earthrise (and another) photograph. == See also == *Cognitive shift *Effect of spaceflight on the human body *Spaceship Earth 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Overview effect」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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